Decision-making
bodies
The ESCB is governed
by the decision-making bodies of the ECB. These are the Governing Council,
the Executive Board and the General Council.
The Governing
Council is made up of the Governors of the central banks of the Member
States participating in EMU (including, obviously, the Governor of the
Central Bank of Ireland) and the members of the Executive Board. The Governing
Council's responsibility is to take the decisions necessary to ensure the
performance of the ESCBs tasks, in particular the formulation of monetary
policy. In general, voting is on a one-person/one vote basis, including
for monetary policy decisions, though voting is weighted (according to
national central banks' shares in the ECB's subscribed capital) in the
case of financial matters such as capital and external reserves and the
distribution of pooled income.
The Executive
Board is composed of the President and the Vice-President of the ECB
and four other members. The Executive Board is responsible for the management
of the ECB and for implementing monetary policy in accordance with the
decisions of the Governing Council.
The General Council
is made up of the President and Vice-President of the ECB and the Governors
of the Central Banks of all Member States (ie whether participating in
EMU or not). The four other members of the Executive Board may take part
in meetings of the General Council, but without having the right to vote.
The General Council is responsible for performing the tasks which the ECB
took over from the EMI which, because not all Member States are participating
in EMU, must still be performed in the third stage of EMU.